Modular patient monitor

ABSTRACT

A modular patient monitor has a docking station configured to accept a handheld monitor. The docking station has standalone patient monitoring functionality with respect to a first set of parameters. At least some of the first parameter set are displayed simultaneously on a full-sized screen integrated with the docking station. The handheld monitor also has standalone patient monitoring functionality with respect to a second set of parameters. At least some of the second set of parameters are displayed simultaneously on a handheld-sized screen integrated with the handheld monitor. The docking station has a port configured to accept the handheld monitor. While the handheld monitor is docket in the port, the docking station functionally combines the first set of parameters and the second set of parameters, and at least some of the combined first and second sets of parameters are displayed simultaneously on the full-sized screen.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.11/903,746, filed Sep. 24, 2007, entitled Modular Patient Monitor, whichclaims the benefit of prior U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/846,471,filed Sep. 22, 2006, entitled Modular Patient Monitor. All of theabove-referenced items are hereby incorporated by reference herein intheir entireties.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Pulse oximetry is a widely accepted continuous and non-invasive methodof measuring the level of arterial oxygen saturation in blood. A typicalpulse oximetry system has a sensor, a patient monitor and a patientcable. The sensor is placed on a patient fleshy tissue site, usually onthe fingertip for adults and the hand or foot for neonates and connectedto the patient monitor via the patient cable. The sensor provides asensor signal detected from the patient tissue site to the patientmonitor. The patient monitor displays the calculated data as apercentage value for arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), as a pulse rate(PR) and as a pulse waveform (plethysmograph or “pleth”).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A modular patient monitor provides a multipurpose, scalable solution forvarious patient monitoring applications. In an embodiment, a modularpatient monitor utilizes multiple wavelength optical sensor and acousticsensor technologies to provide blood constituent monitoring and acousticrespiration monitoring (ARM) at its core, including pulse oximetryparameters and additional blood parameter measurements such ascarboxyhemoglobin (HbCO) and methemoglobin (HbMet). Pulse oximetrymonitors and sensors are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,782,757 entitledLow Noise Optical Probes and U.S. Pat. No. 5,632,272 entitled SignalProcessing Apparatus, both incorporated by reference herein. Advancedblood parameter monitors and sensors providing blood parametermeasurements in addition to pulse oximetry are described in U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/367,013, filed Mar. 1, 2006 entitled MultipleWavelength Sensor Emitters and U.S. patent application Ser. No.11/367,014, filed Mar. 1, 2006 entitled Non-Invasive Multi-ParameterMonitor, both incorporated by reference herein. Acoustic respirationsensors and monitors are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,661,161 entitledPiezoelectric Biological Sound Monitor with Printed Circuit Board andU.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/547,570 filed Oct. 6, 2006 entitledNon-Invasive Monitoring of Respiration Rate, Heart Rate and Apnea, bothincorporated by reference herein.

Expansion modules provide blood pressure BP, blood glucose, ECG, CO2,depth of sedation and cerebral oximetry to name a few. The modularpatient monitor is advantageously scalable in features and cost from abase unit to a high-end unit with the ability to measure multipleparameters from a variety of sensors. In an embodiment, the modularpatient monitor incorporates advanced communication features that allowinterfacing with other patient monitors and medical devices.

The modular patient monitor is adapted for use in hospital, sub-acuteand general floor standalone, multi-parameter measurement applicationsby physicians, respiratory therapists, registered nurses and othertrained clinical caregivers. It can be used in the hospital to interfacewith central monitoring and remote alarm systems. It also can be used toobtain routine vital signs and advanced diagnostic clinical informationand as an in-house transport system with flexibility and portability forpatient ambulation. Further uses for the modular patient monitor areclinical research and other data collection.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIGS. 1A-E are top, side, front, right and back views of a modularpatient monitor;

FIGS. 2A-B are front and perspective views of a handheld monitor;

FIG. 3 is a docking station multiple parameter display;

FIG. 4 is an illustration of a modular patient monitor having 90 degreerotation with corresponding display rotation;

FIGS. 5A-C are top, front and side views of a monitor cartridge;

FIGS. 6A-E are top, side, front, right and back views of another modularpatient monitor embodiment having alternative cartridge embodiments;

FIGS. 7A-C are top, front and side views of an alternative cartridgeembodiment;

FIGS. 8A-E are a front and various back views of yet another modularpatient monitor embodiment having a shuttle, including a display andcontrol; a docked shuttle; a docked shuttle with an undocked handheld;an undocked shuttle; and a shuttle having a handheld;

FIG. 9 is a modular patient monitor side view of a further modularpatient monitor embodiment having a shuttle without a docking handheld;

FIGS. 10A-C are side views and a back view, respectively, of anadditional modular patient monitor embodiment having dual dockablehandhelds;

FIGS. 11A-C are illustrations of a tablet-configured handheld monitor;

FIGS. 12A-D are front perspective, top, front and side views of analternative handheld embodiment;

FIGS. 13A-B are front perspective views of an alternative handheldembodiment plugged into, and removed from, a charger;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of upgrade and legacy handheldsinstallable into a legacy docking station directly or via a dockingstation adapter;

FIGS. 15A-B are closed and opened views, respectively, of anotebook-style modular patient monitor embodiment having a foldabledisplay; and

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a flat panel display docking station.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

FIGS. 1A-E illustrate a modular patient monitor embodiment 100 having atwo-piece modular configuration, a handheld 200 unit and a configurabledocking station 101. The handheld 200 docks into a handheld port 110 ofthe docking station 101, providing the modular patient monitor 100 withtwo-in-one functionality. In particular, the handheld 200 provides aspecific set of clinically relevant parameters. The docking station 101supports various parameters that are configured to specific hospitalenvironments and/or patient populations including general floor, OR,ICU, ER, NICU, to name a few. Further, the docking station 101 hasmodule ports 120 that accept plug-in expansion modules 500 foradditional parameters and technologies. The handheld 200 docked into thedocking station 101 allows access to all available parameters providingmaximum connectivity, functionality and a larger color display 300. Themodular patient monitor 100 provides standalone multi-parameterapplications, and the handheld 200 is detachable to provide portabilityfor patient ambulation and in-house transport.

As shown in FIGS. 1A-E, the docking station 101 has a dashboard 130,with a trim knob 140 and buttons 150 so as to support system navigationand data entry. The trim knob 140 is a primary means for systemnavigation and data entry with an option of a keyboard and mouse as asecondary means.

The docking station 101 also has a power supply module 160 andconnectivity ports 170. The handheld 200 mechanically attaches to andelectrically connects to the docking station 101 when docked, such thatthe two devices function as one unit and both the handheld display 210and the docking station display 300 provide user information. In anembodiment, the handheld 200 docks on a docking station side such thatthe handheld display 200 is visible from that side of the dockingstation 101 (FIG. 1D). In addition, the docking station 101 has one ormore module slots 120 that accommodate external modules 400, asdescribed with respect to FIGS. 4A-C, below.

Also shown in FIGS. 1A-E, controls of the docking station 101 takeprecedence over those of the handheld 200 when docked. However, thehandheld buttons 220 also work for back up purposes. In an embodiment,buttons 150, 220 on the docking station dashboard 130 and on thehandheld 200 provide for alarm suspend/silence and mode/enter. The trimknob 140 is the primary method to toggle thru screen menus on thedashboard 130. The procedure includes next, up, down or across pagenavigation, parameter selection and entry, data entry, alarm limitselection and selection of probe-off detection sensitivity. As asecondary control method, the modular patient monitor 100 has a port foran external keyboard for patient context entry and to navigate the menu.In an embodiment, the docking station 150 has a touch screen. In anembodiment, the modular patient monitor 100 has a bar code scannermodule adapted to automatically enter patient context data.

The modular patient monitor 100 includes an integral handle for ease ofcarrying and dead space for storage for items such as sensors, reusablecables, ICI cable and cuff, EtCO2 hardware and tubing, temperaturedisposables, acoustic respiratory sensors, power cords and otheraccessories such as ECG leads, BP cuffs, temperature probes andrespiration tapes to name a few. The monitor 100 can operate on AC poweror battery power. The modular patient monitor 100 stands upright on aflat surface and allows for flexible mounting such as to an anesthesiamachine, bedside table and computer on wheels.

FIGS. 2A-B illustrate a handheld monitor 200, which provides pulseoximetry parameters including oxygen saturation (SpO2), pulse rate (PR),perfusion index (PI), signal quality (SiQ) and a pulse waveform (pleth),among others. In an embodiment, the handheld 200 also providesmeasurements of other blood constituent parameters that can be derivedfrom a multiple wavelength optical sensor, such as carboxyhemoglobin(HbCO) and methemoglobin (HbMet). The handheld 200 has a color display210, user interface buttons 220, an optical sensor port 230 and speaker240. The handheld 200 also has external I/O such as a bar code readerand bedside printer connectivity. The handheld 200 also has a flexiblearchitecture, power and memory headroom to display additionalparameters, such as SpvO2, blood glucose, lactate to name a few, derivedfrom other noninvasive sensors such as acoustic, fetal oximetry, bloodpressure and ECG sensors to name a few. In an embodiment, the handheldunit 200 has an active matrix (TFT) color display 210, an optionalwireless module, an optional interactive touch-screen with on-screenkeyboard and a high quality audio system. In another embodiment, thehandheld 200 is a Radical or Radical-7™ available from MasimoCorporation, Irvine Calif., which provides Masimo SET® and MasimoRainbow™ parameters. A color LCD screen handheld user interface isdescribed in U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/846,472 titledPatient Monitor User Interface, filed Sep. 22, 2006 and U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/904,046 titled Patient Monitor User Interface,filed Sep. 24, 2007, both applications incorporated by reference herein.

FIG. 3 illustrates a modular patient monitor color display 300. Themodular patient monitor display 300 auto-scales its presentation ofparameter information based upon the parameters that are active. Fewerparameters result in the display 300 of larger digits and more waveformcycles. In an embodiment, the display 300 has a main menu screen showingdate and time 302, patient data 304, battery life and alarm indicators306 and all enabled parameters 308. Date and time 302 can be enabled ordisabled. The display 300 may also have dynamic bar graphs or indicatorsto show perfusion index and signal quality. Waveforms are displayed forSpO2, NIBP (non-invasive blood pressure), EtCO2 (end-tidal carbondioxide) and ECG (electrocardiogram) if enabled. Trend waveforms aredisplayed for parameters that are less dynamic, such as HbCO and HbMet.Further, the display 300 has individual text displays for alarms, alarmsuspend, sensor off or no sensor, battery condition, sensitivity, traumamode, AC power, printer function, recording function, connectivitymessages and menus to name a few. Pulse search is indicated by blinkingdashes in the pulse and parameter displays. In an embodiment, the colordisplay 300 is an 11.1″ LCD with allowance for the use of a 10.4″ LCDwithin the standard mechanical design for the 11.1″ display. The dockingstation 101 also supports any external VGA display.

An exemplar color print illustration of the color display 300 isdisclosed in U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/846,471 entitledModular Patient Monitor, cited above. In particular, each of thedisplayed parameters are variously presented in one of a off-white towhite shade, lime green to green shade, crimson to red shade, generallyturquoise shade, generally chartreuse shade, yellow to gold shade,generally blue and generally purple shade, to name a few.

FIG. 4 illustrates a modular patient monitor 100 having a verticalorientation 401 and a horizontal orientation 403. In the verticalorientation 401, the display 300 presents data in a vertical format,such as shown in FIG. 3, above. In the horizontal orientation 403, thedisplay 300 presents data in a horizontal format, so that the dataappears upright with respect to the viewer. That is, the display 300automatically switches format according to the patient monitor 100orientation. A patient monitor having a rotatable display format isdescribed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,770,028 entitled Dual Mode Pulse Oximeterand incorporated by reference herein.

FIGS. 5A-C illustrate an expansion module 500, which the docking station101 (FIGS. 1A-E) accepts for additional parameters and technologies,such as ICI-NIBP, glucose monitoring, ECG, EtCO2, conscious sedationmonitoring, cerebral oximetry, anesthetic agent monitoring, lactate,patient body temperature and assay cartridges, to name a few. Theexpansion module 500 has an indicator 510 indicating parameters to beprovided. In one embodiment, the expansion module 500 provides twoparameters to the docking station, which is adapted to accept twomodules 500 for four additional parameters. In an embodiment, an ECGmodule is used to provide an R-wave trigger for ICI-NIBP.

As shown in FIGS. 1A-E, the modular patient monitor 100 includes variousconnectivity ports 170 such as Ethernet, USB, RS-232, RS-423, nursecall, external VGA and I/O ports for a keyboard and a bar code reader toname a few. As an option, the modular patient monitor 100 has on-boardand bedside recorder capability. The modular patient monitor 100 alsosupports multiple wireless and hardwired communication platforms, webserver technology that allows remote viewing of data as well as limitedbi-directional control of module functionality and an optional wirelessconnectivity standards base technology, such as IEEE 802.11x. Thewireless option is provided in the handheld 200 and the docking station101. A wireless module supports the downloading and temporary storage ofupgrade software from a remote central server to a destination dockingstation or a specific module. In an embodiment, the modular patientmonitor 100 supports patient context management, specifically theability to upload or alternatively enter patient unique identification.The modular patient monitor 100 also connects both wired and wirelesslyto other patient monitors.

The modular patient monitor 100 may be logged onto via the Internet soas to download raw waveforms and stored trending data for both customerservice purposes and for data mining to enhance algorithms and so as tobe uploaded with firmware updates. The modular patient monitor 100 mayalso incorporate removable storage media for the same purpose. In anembodiment, removable storage media functions as a black box, which is adiagnostic tool to retrieve device use information. In particular, theblack box can record values displayed, raw waveforms including sounds,and buttons touched by the end user. A patient monitor with removablestorage media is described in U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/983,048 entitledPulse Oximetry Data Capture System filed Nov. 5, 2004 and incorporatedby reference herein.

The modular patient monitor 100 may also have an audio module slot (notshown) accommodating an external audio system and wireless headphonemodule. In an embodiment, the docking station 101 audio system isconfigured to reproduce respiratory sounds from an ARR (acousticrespiratory rate) sensor.

In an embodiment, the modular patient monitor 100 has a redundantspeaker system for alarms. The modular patient monitor 100 may alsoinclude alarms for all parameters and a parameter fusion alarm thatinvolves analysis of multiple parameters in parallel. A user can selectcustom default alarm parameters for adult, pediatric and neonatalpatients. A patient monitor having redundant alarm speakers is describedin U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/546,927 entitled Robust AlarmSystem, filed Oct. 12, 2006 and incorporated by reference herein.

An alarm condition exists for low battery, sensor-off patient, defectivesensor, ambient light, parameter limit exceeded and defective speakers,as examples. Audible alarm volume is adjustable and when muted, a visualindicator is illuminated. In an embodiment, the volume is adjustable inat least of four discrete steps. The parameter display flashes toindicate which values are exceeding alarm limits, the parameter isenlarged automatically, and numerics are displayed in either RED or witha RED background. The audible alarm is silence-able with a default alarmsilence period for up to two minutes. This delay can be userconfigurable. Separate from sleep mode, the audible alarms arepermanently mutable via a password-protected sub-menu. The visual alarmindicator still flashes to indicate an alarm condition. A visualindicator on the dashboard indicates an alarm silence condition, such asblinking for temporary silence and solid for muted. An alarm speaker ismounted so as not to be susceptible to muffling from a bed surface,attached external monitor surface or other type of flat resting surface.Redundant and smart alarm annunciation is also provided.

The user accesses the setup menu via a front dashboard knob 140 andmode/enter button 150. TABLE 1 shows user settable parameters. The usercan override default settings on a patient-by-patient basis via setupmenus.

TABLE 1 PARAMETER SETTINGS SpO₂ high & low limit Pulse Rate high & lowlimit Pulse Tone volume MetHb high and low limit HbCO high & low limitICI high and low limit tHb high and low limit EtCO₂ high and low limitARR high and low limit Temp high and low limit Glucose high and lowlimit Audible alarm volume

Default settings are stored in non-volatile memory (NVM). There is afactory, hospital and user default setting which may be automaticallybased on patient recognition. The user can choose any of the three atany time. The user may over-write hospital and user default settingswith their own preferences via a password protected “save as default”setup menu function. All parameters return to hospital default settingsafter a power cycle.

In one embodiment, the default settings are as shown in TABLE 2, storedin NVM. These settings are also over-written into NVM as a result of afactory reset or return to factory defaults function from within thesetup menus.

TABLE 2 PARAMETER FACTORY DEFAULT SpO₂ high limit Off SpO₂ low limit 90Pulse Rate high limit 140  Pulse Rate low limit 40 Alarm Volume 2 (of 4)Pulse tone volume 2 (of 4) MetHb high limit  5% MetHb low limit Off HbCOhigh limit 10% HbCO low limit Off LCD brightness 3 (of 5)

FIGS. 6A-E illustrate another modular patient monitor 600 embodimenthaving a docking station 601, a handheld monitor 602 and parametercartridges 700. Each cartridge 700 provides one parameter to the dockingstation 601, which accepts four cartridges 700 for a total of fouradditional parameters. Further, the patient monitor 600 also has a cordmanagement channel 630, an oral temperature probe 660 and probe covers670 located on the docking station 601. The docking station 601 has atrim knob 652 and control buttons 654 on a front stand 653 so as tosupport system navigation and data entry. The docking station 601 alsohas a color display 605, a thermal printer 620, an alarm indicator lightbar 651, a thermal printer paper door 657 and a handle 659, a sensorholder 655, connectivity ports 680 and a power supply module 690. FIGS.7A-C illustrate a parameter cartridge 700 having an indicator 710indicating the parameter or technology provided.

FIGS. 8A-D illustrate a three-piece modular patient monitor 800including a handheld monitor 810, a shuttle station 830 and a dockingstation 850. The docking station 850 has a shuttle port 855 that allowsthe shuttle station 830 to dock. The shuttle station 830 has a handheldport 835 that allows the handheld monitor 810 to dock. Accordingly, themodular patient monitor 800 has three-in-one functionality including ahandheld 810, a handheld 810 docked into a shuttle station 830 as ahandheld/shuttle 840 and a handheld/shuttle 840 docked into a dockingstation 850. When docked, the three modules of handheld 810, shuttle 830and docking station 850 function as one unit.

As shown in FIGS. 8A-D, the handheld module 810 functions independentlyfrom the shuttle 830 and docking station 850 and is used as anultra-light weight transport device with its own battery power. Thehandheld 810 docked into the shuttle module 830 functions independentlyof the docking station 850 and expands the handheld parameter capabilityto the ability to measure all parameters available. The docking station850, in turn, provides the shuttle 830 or handheld/shuttle 840 withconnectivity ports 852, a power supply module 854, a large color display856, wireless and hardwired communications platforms, a web server andan optional printer. As such, the docking station 850 charges thehandheld 810 and shuttle 830, provides a larger screen and controls,such as a trim knob, allows wireless, hardwired and Internetcommunications and provides connectivity to various external devices.FIG. 8E illustrates another modular patient monitor embodiment 805having a shuttle 870 with plug-in modules 860 for expanded parameterfunctionality.

In an embodiment, the handheld monitor 810 incorporates blood parametermeasurement technologies including HbCO, HbMet, SpO2 and Hbt, and theshuttle station 830 incorporates non-blood parameters, such asintelligent cuff inflation (ICI), end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2), acousticrespiration rate (ARR), patient body temperature (Temp) and ECG, to namea few. In an alternative embodiment, parameters such as SpO2, ARR andECG that clinicians need during in-house transports or patientambulation are loaded into the handheld 810.

FIG. 9 illustrates a two-piece modular patient monitor 900 having ashuttle 930 and a docking station 950 without a corresponding handheld.In an embodiment, the shuttle 930 has plug-in modules 960 for addedparameter functions.

FIGS. 10A-C illustrate yet another modular patient monitor 1000embodiment having dual removable handhelds 1010 and a docking station1050 without a corresponding shuttle. For example, the handhelds 1010may include one blood parameter monitor and one non-blood parametermonitor.

FIGS. 11A-C illustrate a handheld tablet monitor 1100 having a display1110, a trim knob 1120 and control buttons 1130. An electroluminescentlamp 1140 on the front panel provides a thin uniform lighting with lowpower consumption. A temperature probe 1150 is attached to the monitor1100. The tablet monitor 1100 connects to a multiple parameter sensorthrough a patient cable 1160. FIGS. 12-13 illustrate a handheld monitor1200 configured to plug into a compact holder/battery charger 1300. Thehandheld monitor 1200 is adapted to plug into the compact charger 1300.

FIG. 14 illustrates a modular patient monitor 1400 embodiment havingvarious handheld monitors 1410, a docking station adapter 1430 and alegacy docking station 1450. The handheld monitors 1410 can includelegacy handhelds 1411 and upgrade handhelds 1412. The docking stationadapter 1430 is configured for the legacy docking station 1450 so thatboth legacy handhelds 1411 and upgrade handhelds 1412 can dock into thelegacy docking station 1450 directly or via the docking station adapter1430.

FIGS. 15A-B illustrate a “notebook” modular patient monitor 1500embodiment having a foldable lid 1510, a fixed body 1530 and a foldabledocking station 1550. The fixed body 1530 houses patient monitorelectronics and provides external device connectivity at a back end (notvisible). The lid 1510 has a notebook display 1551, such as a color LCD.The docking station 1550 has a port 1551 that removably connects, bothmechanically and electrically, a corresponding handheld monitor 1590,such as the handheld embodiments described above. In a closed position(FIG. 15A), the notebook monitor 1500 can be carried via an optionalhandle or simply in hand or under an arm. In an open position (FIG.15B), the notebook monitor is operational, connecting to patient sensorsvia the handheld 1590 or a sensor connector (not shown) on the back endof the notebook. In the open position, the docking station 1550 can stayin a stowed or folded position (not shown) so that the handheld screen1591 faces upward. Alternatively, in the open position, the dockingstation 1500 is unfolded as shown (FIG. 15B) so that the handhelddisplay 1591 can be easily viewed from the front of the notebook inconjunction with the notebook display 1511 in the lid 1510. In anembodiment, the notebook 1550 can have a conventional keyboard and touchpad, have conventional monitor controls, incorporate a conventionalcomputer and peripherals or a combination of the above. As shown, thenotebook display 1511 faces inward, so that the display 1511 isprotected in the folded position. In another embodiment, the display1511 faces outward (not shown).

FIG. 16 illustrates a flat panel modular patient monitor embodiment 1600having a flat panel body 1610 housing a flat panel display 1611 and ahandheld port 1620. The handheld port 1620 removably accepts a handheldmonitor 1690 having a handheld display 1691, such as the handheldmonitors described above. The flat panel monitor 1600 can befree-standing on a table top, wall-mounted or mounted on or integratedwithin a patient bed, as a few examples. The flat panel monitor 1600 canbe simply a docking and display device or can provide built-in patientmonitoring functions and parameters not available to the handheld 1690.

A modular patient monitor has been disclosed in detail in connectionwith various embodiments. These embodiments are disclosed by way ofexamples only and are not to limit the scope of the claims that follow.One of ordinary skill in art will appreciate many variations andmodifications.

What is claimed is:
 1. A patient monitoring system comprising: a dockingstation including a housing, a first display integrated with the dockingstation, a shuttle port, and a processor configured to: receivephysiological signals responsive to a first set of physiologicalparameters of a patient from one or more physiological sensors,calculate measurements of the first set of physiological parametersbased on the physiological signals, cause at least some measurements ofthe first set of physiological parameters to be displayed on the firstdisplay, automatically determine a number of physiological parametersthat are active for measurements to be displayed on the first display,auto-scale measurements displayed on the first display based at least inpart on the determined number of physiological parameters that areactive for measurements to be displayed on the first display, whereinmeasurements are automatically displayed larger on the first displaywhen fewer physiological parameters are active for measurements to bedisplayed on the first display; a shuttle station removably attachableto the docking station via the shuttle port and including a handheldport; and a handheld monitor removably attachable to the shuttle stationvia the handheld port and including a second display integrated with thehandheld monitor and a processor configured to: receive physiologicalsignals responsive to a second set of physiological parameters of thepatient, at least some of the physiological signals output from anoninvasive sensor and responsive to light attenuated by blood,calculate measurements of the second set of physiological parametersbased on the physiological signals, and cause at least some measurementsof the second set of physiological parameters to be displayed on thesecond display, wherein in a docked configuration in which the handheldmonitor is docked to the handheld port of the shuttle station, and theshuttle station is docked to the shuttle port of the docking station: atleast one of the processor of the handheld monitor or the processor ofthe docking station is configured to cause at least some measurements ofa combination of the first and second sets of physiological parametersto be displayed on the first display, and the docking station isconfigured to electrically charge the handheld monitor via the shuttlestation, and wherein in a second docked configuration in which thehandheld monitor is docked to the handheld port of the shuttle station,and the shuttle station is not docked to the shuttle port of the dockingstation: the shuttle station and the handheld monitor function togetherindependently of the docking station, and the shuttle station providesexpanded parameter capability to the handheld monitor.
 2. The patientmonitoring system of claim 1, wherein the first display occupiessubstantially all of a display side of the housing.
 3. The patientmonitoring system of claim 1, wherein at least some of the measurementsof the first set of physiological parameters are different from at leastsome of the measurements of the second set of physiological parameters.4. The patient monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the at least somemeasurements of the combination of the first and second sets ofphysiological parameters include at least some measurements of the firstset of physiological parameters and at least some measurements of thesecond set of physiological parameters.
 5. The patient monitoring systemof claim 1, wherein: the first set of physiological parameters comprisesa non-blood constituent; and the second set of physiological parameterscomprises a blood constituent.
 6. The patient monitoring system of claim1 further comprising: an expansion module, wherein said shuttle stationfurther includes a module port, wherein when the expansion module isdocked in the module port, the shuttle station adds a capability ofmeasuring at least one additional physiological parameter.
 7. Thepatient monitoring system of claim 1, wherein a display size of thefirst display is substantially larger than a display size of the seconddisplay.
 8. The patient monitoring system of claim 1, wherein in thedocked configuration, the number of physiological parameters that areactive for measurements to be displayed on the first display include theat least some measurements of the combination of the first and secondsets of physiological parameters to be displayed on the first display.9. The patient monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the shuttle stationincludes plug-in modules for the expanded parameter capability.
 10. Amethod of displaying measurements of physiological parameters, themethod comprising: receiving, at a docking station, from one or morephysiological sensors, first physiological signals responsive to a firstset of physiological parameters of a patient, the docking stationincluding a housing, a first display, a shuttle port, and a firstprocessor; calculating, by the first processor, measurements of thefirst set of physiological parameters based on the first physiologicalsignals; causing, by the first processor, at least some measurements ofthe first set of physiological parameters to be displayed on the firstdisplay; automatically determine, by the first processor, a number ofphysiological parameters that are active for measurements to bedisplayed on the first display, auto-scale, by the first processor,measurements displayed on the first display based at least in part onthe determined number of physiological parameters that are active formeasurements to be displayed on the first display, wherein measurementsare automatically displayed larger on the first display when fewerphysiological parameters are active for measurements to be displayed onthe first display; receiving, at a handled monitor, second physiologicalsignals responsive to a second set of physiological parameters of thepatient, at least some of the second physiological signals output from anoninvasive sensor and responsive to light attenuated by blood, whereinthe handheld monitor is removably attachable to a shuttle station via ahandheld port of the shuttle station and includes a second processor anda second display integrated with the handheld monitor, and wherein theshuttle station is removably attachable to the docking station via theshuttle port and includes the handheld port; calculating, by the secondprocessor, measurements of a second set of physiological parametersbased on the second physiological signals; causing, by the secondprocessor, at least some measurements of the second set of physiologicalparameters to be displayed on the second display; in a dockedconfiguration in which the handheld monitor is docked to the handheldport of the shuttle station, and the shuttle station is docked to theshuttle port of the docking station: causing, by at least one of thefirst and second processors, at least some measurements of a combinationof the first and second sets of physiological parameters to be displayedon the first display; and causing, by at least one of the first andsecond processors, the docking station to electrically charge thehandheld monitor via the shuttle station; and in a second dockedconfiguration in which the handheld monitor is docked to the handheldport of the shuttle station, and the shuttle station is not docked tothe shuttle port of the docking station: causing, by at least the secondprocessor, the shuttle station and the handheld monitor to functiontogether independently of the docking station, wherein the shuttlestation provides expanded parameter capability to the handheld monitor.11. The method of claim 10, wherein the first display occupiessubstantially all of a display side of the housing.
 12. The method ofclaim 10, wherein at least some of the measurements of the first set ofphysiological parameters are different from at least some of themeasurements of the second set of physiological parameters.
 13. Themethod of claim 10, wherein the at least some measurements of thecombination of the first and second sets of physiological parametersincludes at least some measurements of the first set of physiologicalparameters and at least some measurements of the second set ofphysiological parameters.
 14. The method of claim 10, wherein: the firstset of physiological parameters comprises a non-blood constituent; andthe second set of physiological parameters comprises a bloodconstituent.
 15. The method of claim 10 further comprising: providing anexpansion module, wherein said shuttle station further includes a moduleport, wherein when the expansion module is docked in the module port,the shuttle station adds a capability of measuring at least oneadditional physiological parameter.
 16. The method of claim 10, whereina display size of the first display is substantially larger than adisplay size of the second display.
 17. The method of claim 10, whereinin the docked configuration, the number of physiological parameters thatare active for measurements to be displayed on the first display includethe at least some measurements of the combination of the first andsecond sets of physiological parameters to be displayed on the firstdisplay.
 18. The method of claim 10, wherein the shuttle stationincludes plug-in modules for the expanded parameter capability.